Commercial Pilot License (CPL) Practice Exam

A microburst is a powerful localized downdraft that can occur during thunderstorms. When a microburst reaches the ground, it can produce horizontal winds that spread out radially from the point of impact, causing significant wind shear. The correct answer reflects the severe nature of these winds, which can indeed generate wind shear of 45 knots or more. Such drastic changes in wind speed and direction can pose serious challenges for aircraft, especially during takeoff and landing when they are most vulnerable. The strength of a microburst can lead to rapid variations in airflow, resulting in turbulence and potential loss of control if the pilot is unprepared for such wind changes.

The other options refer to milder wind effects that are not characteristic of the intense and hazardous conditions brought about by a microburst. For instance, a wind shear of 10 knots would not adequately represent the extreme conditions experienced in microbursts, and steady wind patterns or consistent average wind speeds do not apply in the context of the erratic and powerful winds associated with this phenomenon.